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ANTIGUA_.CRD
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#CARD:Antigua and Barbuda:Geography
#WORD 49 75 18 17 0
Antigua and Barbuda Click Here for Country List
#IMAGE 44 61 TWPCX \maps\ANTIGUA_.PCX
Geography Click Here for MAP
Location:
Caribbean, in the eastern Caribbean Sea, about 420 km east-southeast
of Puerto Rico
Map references:
Central America and the Caribbean, Standard Time Zones of the World
Area:
total area:
440 sq km
land area:
440 sq km
comparative area:
slightly less than 2.5 times the size of Washington, DC
note:
includes Redonda
Land boundaries:
0 km
Coastline:
153 km
Maritime claims:
contiguous zone:
24 nm
exclusive economic zone:
200 nm
territorial sea:
12 nm
International disputes:
none
Climate:
tropical marine; little seasonal temperature variation
Terrain:
mostly low-lying limestone and coral islands with some higher volcanic
areas
Natural resources:
negligible; pleasant climate fosters tourism
Land use:
arable land:
18%
permanent crops:
0%
meadows and pastures:
7%
forest and woodland:
16%
other:
59%
Irrigated land:
NA sq km
Environment:
current issues:
insufficient freshwater resources
natural hazards:
subject to hurricanes and tropical storms (July to October)
international agreements:
party to - Biodiversity, Climate Change, Environmental Modification,
Hazardous Wastes, Law of the Sea, Ozone Layer Protection, Ship
Pollution, Whaling
#CARD:Antigua and Barbuda:People
People
Population:
64,762 (July 1994 est.)
Population growth rate:
0.59% (1994 est.)
Birth rate:
17.31 births/1,000 population (1994 est.)
Death rate:
5.44 deaths/1,000 population (1994 est.)
Net migration rate:
-5.93 migrant(s)/1,000 population (1994 est.)
Infant mortality rate:
18.5 deaths/1,000 live births (1994 est.)
Life expectancy at birth:
total population:
73.11 years
male:
71.07 years
female:
75.26 years (1994 est.)
Total fertility rate:
1.67 children born/woman (1994 est.)
Nationality:
noun:
Antiguan(s), Barbudan(s)
adjective:
Antiguan, Barbudan
Ethnic divisions:
black African, British, Portuguese, Lebanese, Syrian
Religions:
Anglican (predominant), other Protestant sects, some Roman Catholic
Languages:
English (official), local dialects
Literacy:
age 15 and over having completed 5 or more years of schooling (1960)
total population:
89%
male:
90%
female:
88%
Labor force:
30,000
by occupation:
commerce and services 82%, agriculture 11%, industry 7% (1983)
#CARD:Antigua and Barbuda:Government
Government
Names:
conventional long form:
none
conventional short form:
Digraph:
AC
Type:
parliamentary democracy
Capital:
Saint John's
Administrative divisions:
6 parishes and 2 dependencies*; Barbuda*, Redonda*, Saint George,
Saint John, Saint Mary, Saint Paul, Saint Peter, Saint Philip
Independence:
1 November 1981 (from UK)
National holiday:
Independence Day, 1 November (1981)
Constitution:
1 November 1981
Legal system:
based on English common law
Suffrage:
18 years of age; universal
Executive branch:
chief of state:
Queen ELIZABETH II (since 6 February 1952), represented by Governor
General James B. CARLISLE (since NA 1993)
head of government:
Prime Minister Lester Bryant BIRD (since 8 March 1994)
cabinet:
Council of Ministers; appointed by the governor general on the advice
of the prime minister
Legislative branch:
bicameral Parliament
Senate:
17 member body appointed by the governor general
House of Representatives:
elections last held 8 March 1994 (next to be held NA 1999); results -
percent of vote by party NA; seats - (17 total) ALP 11, UPP 5,
independent 1
Judicial branch:
Eastern Caribbean Supreme Court
Political parties and leaders:
Antigua Labor Party (ALP), Lester Bryant BIRD; United Progressive
Party (UPP), Baldwin SPENCER
Other political or pressure groups:
United Progressive Party (UPP), headed by Baldwin SPENCER, a coalition
of three opposition political parties - the United National Democratic
Party (UNDP); the Antigua Caribbean Liberation Movement (ACLM); and
the Progressive Labor Movement (PLM); Antigua Trades and Labor Union
(ATLU), headed by Noel THOMAS
Member of:
ACP, C, CARICOM, CDB, ECLAC, FAO, G-77, GATT, IBRD, ICAO, ICFTU, IFAD,
IFC, ILO, IMF, IMO, INTELSAT (nonsignatory user), INTERPOL, IOC, ITU,
LORCS, NAM (observer), OAS, OECS, OPANAL, UN, UNCTAD, UNESCO, WCL,
WHO, WMO
Diplomatic representation in US:
chief of mission:
Ambassador Patrick Albert LEWIS
chancery:
Suite 4M, 3400 International Drive NW, Washington, DC 20008
telephone:
(202) 362-5211 or 5166, 5122
FAX:
(202) 362-5225
consulate(s) general:
Miami
US diplomatic representation:
chief of mission:
the US Ambassador to Barbados is accredited to Antigua and Barbuda,
and, in his absence, the Embassy is headed by Charge d'Affaires Bryant
J. SALTER
embassy:
Queen Elizabeth Highway, Saint John's
mailing address:
FPO AA 34054-0001
telephone:
(809) 462-3505 or 3506
FAX:
(809) 462-3516
Flag:
red with an inverted isosceles triangle based on the top edge of the
flag; the triangle contains three horizontal bands of black (top),
light blue, and white with a yellow rising sun in the black band
#CARD:Antigua and Barbuda:Economy
Economy
Overview:
The economy is primarily service oriented, with tourism the most
important determinant of economic performance. During the period
1986-91, real GDP expanded at an annual average rate of about 6%.
Tourism makes a direct contribution to GDP of about 13% and also
affects growth in other sectors - particularly in construction,
communications, and public utilities. In 1992, reduced government
capital spending and private sector investment, dampened by recession
in the major world economies, slowed economic growth.
National product:
GDP - exchange rate conversion - $368.5 million (1993 est.)
National product real growth rate:
NA
National product per capita:
$5,800 (1993 est.)
Inflation rate (consumer prices):
7% (1993)
Unemployment rate:
5% (1988 est.)
Budget:
revenues:
$105 million
expenditures:
$161 million, including capital expenditures of $56 million (1992)
Exports:
$54.7 million (f.o.b., 1992)
commodities:
petroleum products 48%, manufactures 23%, food and live animals 4%,
machinery and transport equipment 17%
partners:
OECS 26%, Barbados 15%, Guyana 4%, Trinidad and Tobago 2%, US 0.3%
Imports:
$260.9 million (f.o.b., 1992)
commodities:
food and live animals, machinery and transport equipment,
manufactures, chemicals, oil
partners:
US 27%, UK 16%, Canada 4%, OECS 3%, other 50%
External debt:
$250 million (1990 est.)
Industrial production:
growth rate 3% (1989 est.); accounts for 8% of GDP
Electricity:
capacity:
52,100 kW
production:
95 million kWh
consumption per capita:
1,482 kWh (1992)
Industries:
tourism, construction, light manufacturing (clothing, alcohol,
household appliances)
Agriculture:
accounts for 4% of GDP; expanding output of cotton, fruits,
vegetables, and livestock; other crops - bananas, coconuts, cucumbers,
mangoes, sugarcane; not self-sufficient in food
Economic aid:
recipient:
US commitments (1985-88), $10 million; Western (non-US) countries, ODA
and OOF bilateral commitments (1970-89), $50 million
Currency:
1 EC dollar (EC$) = 100 cents
Exchange rates:
East Caribbean dollars (EC$) per US$1 - 2.70 (fixed rate since 1976)
Fiscal year:
1 April - 31 March
#CARD:Antigua and Barbuda:Communications
Communications
Railroads:
64 km 0.760-meter narrow gauge and 13 km 0.610-meter gauge used almost
exclusively for handling sugarcane
Highways:
total:
240 km
paved:
NA
unpaved:
NA
Ports:
Saint John's
Merchant marine:
227 ships (1,000 GRT or over) totaling 849,699 GRT/1,218,492 DWT, bulk
4, cargo 156, chemical tanker 11, container 37, liquified gas 2, oil
tanker 2, refrigerated cargo 4, roll-on/roll-off cargo 11
note:
a flag of convenience registry
Airports:
total:
3
usable:
3
with permanent-surface runways:
2
with runways 3,659 m:
0
with runways 2,440-3,659 m:
1
with runways 1,220-2,439 m:
0
Telecommunications:
good automatic telephone system; 6,700 telephones; tropospheric
scatter links with Saba and Guadeloupe; broadcast stations - 4 AM, 2
FM, 2 TV, 2 shortwave; 1 coaxial submarine cable; 1 Atlantic Ocean
INTELSAT earth station
#CARD:Antigua and Barbuda:Defense Forces
Defense Forces
Branches:
Royal Antigua and Barbuda Defense Force, Royal Antigua and Barbuda
Police Force (including the Coast Guard)
Defense expenditures:
exchange rate conversion - $1.4 million, 1% of GDP (FY90/91)
ANTIGUA_.0